Spondylolysis is a frequent source of low back pain in adolescents and young athletes, but diagnostic and treatment guidelines remain difficult to define and standardize. In this webinar we will review the proposed biomechanical forces contributing to the injury. While historically computed tomography (CT) and bone scans have been considered-gold standard, we will examine emerging evidence of advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the advantages in assessing acuity and detecting developing stress reaction. Finally, ongoing controversies in treatment protocols, including bracing effectiveness, physical therapy and rehabilitation programs, and surgical indications and techniques will be examined.